100 Basic Chinese Words with Pinyin and Tones

🇨🇳 Chinese · 100 cards · A1 · by Wei Lin

These are the first hundred words I teach — the ones my own kids were using long before they could read a character. Every card gives you the hanzi, pinyin with tone marks, and one sentence short enough to say out loud straight away.

A few things genuinely trip learners up: 不 (bù) and 一 (yī) change tone depending on the syllable after them, 谁 has two accepted readings, and 想/要 or 会/能 all collapse into want and can in English but split differently in Chinese. The notes flag those.

Start with the pronouns and question words. Once those are automatic, almost any noun further down the list turns into a real sentence. Read the examples aloud — tones settle in sentences, not in isolated syllables.

1 / 100
How to use this deck

Flip through the cards, then switch to Quiz. Tap the play button on any row to hear it. The full table below is there to read, print or copy into your own flashcard app.

The Reji iPhone app is being rebuilt and returns to the App Store soon.

All 100 cards

#ChinesePronunciationEnglishExampleAudio
1你好
Two third tones in a row: the first is said as a rising tone (ní hǎo).
nǐ hǎohello, hi
你好,请进。
Hello, come in.
2谢谢
Second syllable is neutral tone.
xièxiethank you
谢谢你的帮助。
Thanks for your help.
3不客气
不 becomes bú before a fourth tone.
bú kèqiyou're welcome
不客气,应该的。
You're welcome, it was nothing.
4对不起
For a small bump in the street, 不好意思 (bù hǎoyìsi) is softer and more common.
duìbuqǐsorry, excuse me
对不起,我来晚了。
Sorry, I'm late.
5没关系
Standard reply to 对不起 (duìbuqǐ).
méi guānxiit's okay, never mind
没关系,别着急。
It's fine, don't worry.
6再见
Literally 'see (you) again'. Casual speech and texting: 拜拜 (bàibài).
zàijiàngoodbye
我先走了,再见。
I'm off now, bye.
7
Goes in front of a verb: 请进 (qǐng jìn), 请说 (qǐng shuō), 请等一下 (qǐng děng yíxià).
qǐngplease; to invite
请坐,喝杯茶。
Please sit down, have some tea.
8I, me
我是加拿大人。
I'm Canadian.
9you (one person)
你叫什么名字?
What's your name?
10
Polite form for elders, customers and teachers. No common plural form.
nínyou (polite)
您好,请问您贵姓?
Hello, may I ask your surname?
11
他 and 她 sound identical; only the character differs.
he, him
他在公园跑步。
He's running in the park.
12she, her
她是我姐姐。
She's my older sister.
13我们
咱们 (zánmen) is a northern variant that always includes the listener.
wǒmenwe, us
我们一起吃饭吧。
Let's eat together.
14你们nǐmenyou (plural)
你们什么时候走?
When are you (all) leaving?
15他们
她们 (tāmen) is used in writing for an all-female group; pronunciation is the same.
tāmenthey, them
他们都还没到。
They haven't arrived yet.
16
Often heard as zhèi before a measure word (这个 zhèige).
zhèthis
这是我的手机。
This is my phone.
17that
那本书很好看。
That book is really good.
18
Both shéi and shuí are correct; shéi is what people actually say.
shéiwho, whom
这是谁的杯子?
Whose cup is this?
19什么
Stays where the answer would go — no word-order change for questions.
shénmewhat
你在看什么?
What are you watching?
20哪儿
Northern style; 哪里 (nǎlǐ) is the southern and more written equivalent.
nǎrwhere
洗手间在哪儿?
Where's the restroom?
21为什么wèishénmewhy
你为什么不去?
Why aren't you going?
22怎么
怎么样 (zěnmeyàng) means 'how is it / how about it'.
zěnmehow
这个字怎么读?
How do you read this character?
23
Use 多少 (duōshao) when the answer could be more than about ten.
how many (small number)
你家有几口人?
How many people are in your family?
24
Not used before adjectives: say 很累 (hěn lèi), not 是累.
shìto be (am, is, are)
他是我的同事。
He's my colleague.
25
Its negative is 没有 (méiyǒu), never 不有.
yǒuto have; there is
我有两个孩子。
I have two kids.
26
Before a verb it also marks an action in progress: 我在吃饭 (wǒ zài chīfàn).
zàito be at; at, in
我在家,你呢?
I'm at home, how about you?
27
Said bú before a fourth tone: 不是 bú shì, 不去 bú qù.
not, no
我不喝咖啡。
I don't drink coffee.
28
没 negates 有 and past actions; 不 negates habits and the future.
méinot (past); not have
我没带钱包。
I didn't bring my wallet.
29
Neutral tone. Often dropped with family and close relations: 我妈妈, 我朋友.
depossessive / linking particle
这是我妈妈的车。
This is my mom's car.
30
Neutral tone. Add it to a statement to make a yes/no question.
maquestion particle (yes/no)
你累了吗?
Are you tired?
31
Not a past-tense marker — 我明天就走了 (wǒ míngtiān jiù zǒu le) is about tomorrow.
leparticle: completed action, new situation
我已经吃过了。
I've already eaten.
32
Often just links an adjective to the subject and is barely stressed.
hěnvery
今天很冷。
It's very cold today.
33
Goes before the verb, never at the end of the sentence.
also, too
我也想去。
I want to go too.
34
Placed after the subject and before the verb.
dōuall, both
我们都喜欢吃辣。
We all like spicy food.
35
Joins nouns only — it cannot link two verbs or two sentences the way English 'and' does.
and (joining nouns)
我和她是同学。
She and I are classmates.
36
Tone changes: yì before 1st/2nd/3rd tones, yí before a 4th tone (一个 yí ge).
one
再给我一杯水。
Give me one more glass of water.
37
Say 两个人 (liǎng ge rén), not 二个人. Use 二 (èr) for counting and in numbers like 十二.
liǎngtwo (before a measure word)
我要两碗米饭。
I'd like two bowls of rice.
38
The default when you forget the right measure word; usually said in neutral tone (ge).
general measure word
我买了三个苹果。
I bought three apples.
39
Add it to a country name: 中国人 (Zhōngguórén), 美国人 (Měiguórén).
rénperson, people
这家店人太多了。
This shop is way too crowded.
40
Also a measure word for shops and restaurants: 一家饭馆 (yì jiā fànguǎn).
jiāhome, family
我家有一只猫。
We have a cat at home.
41爸爸
Everyday word; 父亲 (fùqīn) is formal and written.
bàbadad, father
我爸爸爱喝茶。
My dad loves drinking tea.
42妈妈
Everyday word; 母亲 (mǔqīn) is formal and written.
māmamom, mother
妈妈在厨房做菜。
Mom is cooking in the kitchen.
43孩子
Second syllable is neutral tone.
háizichild, kid
孩子们都睡了。
The kids are all asleep.
44朋友
男朋友 (nánpéngyou) / 女朋友 (nǚpéngyou) mean boyfriend / girlfriend.
péngyoufriend
他是我的好朋友。
He's a good friend of mine.
45老师
Also used as a title after the surname: 王老师 (Wáng lǎoshī).
lǎoshīteacher
我们老师很有耐心。
Our teacher is very patient.
46学生
Second syllable is neutral tone.
xuéshengstudent
他还是个学生。
He's still a student.
47名字
姓 (xìng) is specifically the surname.
míngziname, given name
你的名字怎么写?
How do you write your name?
48中文
汉语 (Hànyǔ) is the academic term; 普通话 (Pǔtōnghuà) means spoken standard Mandarin.
ZhōngwénChinese (language)
我在学中文。
I'm learning Chinese.
49shuǐwater
我想喝点儿水。
I'd like some water.
50chátea
你喝茶还是咖啡?
Would you like tea or coffee?
51
吃饭 (chīfàn) means 'have a meal', not only 'eat rice'.
fàncooked rice; meal
我们几点吃饭?
What time do we eat?
52
点菜 (diǎn cài) = to order food in a restaurant.
càidish (of food); vegetable
这个菜有点儿辣。
This dish is a bit spicy.
53
多少钱 (duōshao qián) is the standard way to ask a price.
qiánmoney
这个多少钱?
How much is this?
54手机
Literally 'hand machine'.
shǒujīmobile phone
我手机没电了。
My phone is out of battery.
55
Measure word: 本 (běn). 'Read a book' is 看书 (kàn shū) in everyday speech.
shūbook
他在看一本新书。
He's reading a new book.
56
Covers cars, buses and bikes; 汽车 (qìchē) is specifically a car.
chēcar, vehicle
我开车送你吧。
Let me drive you there.
57学校xuéxiàoschool
学校离这儿不远。
The school isn't far from here.
58超市
Short for 超级市场 (chāojí shìchǎng).
chāoshìsupermarket
我去超市买鸡蛋。
I'm going to the supermarket for eggs.
59天气tiānqìweather
今天天气真好。
The weather is really nice today.
60东西
Neutral tone on 西. Read dōngxī it means 'east and west'.
dōngxithing, stuff
我要买点儿东西。
I need to buy a few things.
61今天
Time words go before the verb or at the start of the sentence, never at the end.
jīntiāntoday
今天我不上班。
I'm not working today.
62明天míngtiāntomorrow
明天我们去爬山。
Tomorrow we're going hiking.
63昨天zuótiānyesterday
昨天下了一天雨。
It rained all day yesterday.
64现在xiànzàinow
现在几点了?
What time is it now?
65时间
For clock time use 点 (diǎn); 时间 is time as a resource.
shíjiāntime
你有时间吗?
Do you have time?
66
No measure word needed: 三年 (sān nián), 两年 (liǎng nián).
niányear
我在中国住了两年。
I lived in China for two years.
67
Also no measure word: 三天 (sān tiān), not 三个天.
tiānday; sky
我请了两天假。
I took two days off.
68晚上
早上 (zǎoshang) is morning, 下午 (xiàwǔ) is afternoon.
wǎnshangevening, at night
晚上我给你打电话。
I'll call you tonight.
69星期
星期一 (xīngqīyī) = Monday … 星期天 (xīngqītiān) = Sunday. 周末 (zhōumò) is the weekend.
xīngqīweek
下个星期我出差。
I'm going on a business trip next week.
70
两点 (liǎng diǎn) for 2 o'clock, never 二点.
diǎno'clock
我们八点见。
Let's meet at eight.
71
On its own it also means 'okay, agreed'.
hǎogood, fine; okay
你的中文说得很好。
You speak Chinese really well.
72
Also used for age: 你多大?(nǐ duō dà?) = How old are you?
big, large
他家的房子很大。
His house is big.
73
有点儿 (yǒudiǎnr) + adjective usually implies something you're not happy about.
xiǎosmall, little
这双鞋有点儿小。
These shoes are a bit small.
74
Before a noun it needs 很: 很多人 (hěn duō rén), not 多人.
duōmany, much
今天作业太多了。
There's too much homework today.
75好吃
For drinks say 好喝 (hǎohē).
hǎochītasty, delicious
妈妈做的菜最好吃。
The food my mom makes is the tastiest.
76mángbusy
最近工作特别忙。
Work has been really busy lately.
77
Describes how a person feels. For 'tiring' (of a task) say 累人 (lèirén).
lèitired
走了一天,真累。
Walked all day — so tired.
78
太…了 (tài…le) is the standard 'too…' frame.
guìexpensive
这个包太贵了。
This bag is too expensive.
79lěngcold
外面冷,多穿点儿。
It's cold outside, put on more clothes.
80
For spicy food use 辣 (là).
hot
屋里太热,开窗吧。
It's too hot in here, let's open a window.
81chīto eat
你想吃什么?
What do you want to eat?
82
First tone. The vowel is the short 'e' of 的 (de), not English 'hay'.
to drink
我不能喝酒。
I can't drink alcohol.
83
Covers watching, reading and seeing a doctor: 看医生 (kàn yīshēng).
kànto look, watch, read
他每天晚上看电视。
He watches TV every evening.
84tīngto listen, hear
我喜欢听音乐。
I like listening to music.
85
说话 (shuōhuà) = to talk; 说中文 (shuō Zhōngwén) = to speak Chinese.
shuōto speak, say
他说得太快了。
He speaks too fast.
86xiěto write
他写了一封信。
He wrote a letter.
87
学习 (xuéxí) is the two-syllable version, slightly more formal.
xuéto learn, study
我女儿在学游泳。
My daughter is learning to swim.
88
Movement away from the speaker.
to go
周末你去哪儿?
Where are you going this weekend?
89
Movement toward the speaker.
láito come
他明年来中国。
He's coming to China next year.
90
回家 (huí jiā) = go home; 回来 (huílai) = come back; 回去 (huíqu) = go back.
huíto return, go back
我马上就回来。
I'll be right back.
91
Third tone 买 mǎi = buy; fourth tone 卖 mài = sell. Listen for the difference.
mǎito buy
我想买一件外套。
I want to buy a jacket.
92
做饭 (zuò fàn) = cook; 做作业 (zuò zuòyè) = do homework.
zuòto do, to make
今天晚饭我来做。
I'll make dinner tonight.
93
Same sound as 做. Used for buses, trains and planes; use 开 (kāi) for driving yourself.
zuòto sit; to travel by
我坐地铁上班。
I take the subway to work.
94
Also marks the person you do something for: 给我打电话 (gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà).
gěito give; for, to
我给你倒杯水。
Let me pour you some water.
95
Softer than 要 — closer to 'would like to'. 我想你 (wǒ xiǎng nǐ) = I miss you.
xiǎngto want to; to think; to miss
我想再睡一会儿。
I want to sleep a bit longer.
96
Stronger than 想: fine when ordering, blunt when asking someone a favour.
yàoto want; will, going to
我要一杯咖啡。
I'll have a coffee.
97
Use 会 for skills you learned, 能 (néng) for what is possible right now.
huìcan (learned skill); will
我会说一点儿中文。
I can speak a little Chinese.
98喜欢
Second syllable is neutral tone.
xǐhuanto like
我不太喜欢甜的。
I don't really like sweet things.
99知道
For knowing a person use 认识 (rènshi).
zhīdàoto know (a fact)
我不知道他在哪儿。
I don't know where he is.
100工作
Both noun and verb: 找工作 (zhǎo gōngzuò) = look for a job.
gōngzuòwork, job; to work
你在哪儿工作?
Where do you work?
Wei Lin
Native zh · Speaks English

Grew up in Chengdu, live in Vancouver. I build Mandarin decks with pinyin and tone marks on everything, and I test them on my own kids.

Published

Questions about this deck

Do I need to learn the characters, or is pinyin enough?
Pinyin gets you speaking, but characters matter quickly because so many syllables sound alike — in this deck 他/她 are both tā and 做/坐 are both zuò. What works: learn each word by sound first, then learn to recognise the character. Handwriting can wait; just recognising 我, 你, 是, 有, 不, 了 already lets you read signs and simple chat messages.
Why is 不 written bù on one card and bú on another?
Tone sandhi. 不 is fourth tone (bù) by default, but shifts to second tone (bú) when the next syllable is also fourth tone: 不客气 bú kèqi, 不是 bú shì, 不去 bú qù. 一 does the same: yī when counting, yì before first, second and third tones (一起 yìqǐ), yí before a fourth tone (一个 yí ge). The pinyin on these cards shows the tone you actually say.
What's the difference between 想 and 要?
想 (xiǎng) is 'would like to' — a wish; in that meaning it is followed by a verb: 我想喝茶. (With a person as object it means 'miss': 我想你.) 要 (yào) is stronger, 'want / will have', and takes a noun directly: 我要一杯茶. In a restaurant 要 is normal and polite; asking a person for a favour with 我要… sounds demanding, so use 我想… there. 不要 (bú yào) means 'don't want' or 'don't do it'.
Should I say 哪儿 or 哪里?
Both mean 'where' and both are correct. 哪儿 (nǎr) with the -r ending is typical of Beijing and the north and is what most textbooks and this deck use. 哪里 (nǎlǐ) is standard in the south, in Taiwan, and in writing. The same split applies to 这儿/这里 and 那儿/那里 — pick one set and stay consistent so your speech sounds natural.
Tags:mandarin

More Chinese decks: basic chinese words